White cloud mountain minnow - Tanichthys albonubes

Scientific name: Tanichthys albonubes

Common name: White cloud mountain minnow

Family: Cyprinidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 4 - 5 cm (1.57 - 1.97 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 6 - 8

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 4 - 18°N (71.43 - 321.43ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 17 - 23 °C (62.6 - 73.4°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: East Asia

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful

Usual place in the tank: Middle levels

Diet and Nutrition

The White Cloud Mountain Minnow is an omnivore, meaning it requires a balanced diet of both plant-based and protein-rich foods. In captivity, these fish are not particularly picky and will accept a variety of live, dried, and flake foods. To promote vibrant coloring, offer flakes and granules that contain algae or plant matter. Supplement their diet with live foods such as bloodworms, Daphnia, and Artemia regularly.

Determining Sex

Sexual differences in White Cloud Mountain Minnows are subtle. Males tend to be slightly smaller and slimmer than females, with brighter coloration, especially around their fins, which may display more intense red and yellow hues. Additionally, the white stripe on a male is usually straighter compared to the more curved stripe on a female, reflecting her rounder belly.

Breeding Information

In the aquarium trade, White Cloud Mountain Minnows are predominantly captive-bred. During breeding, the fish scatter their eggs across the substrate. To protect the eggs from being consumed by the parents, it's advisable to breed them in a well-planted tank or one with coarse gravel that offers cover. Ideal conditions for breeding include a spacious, well-planted tank with neutral to slightly acidic water, a temperature of around 22°C (72°F), and a sponge filter with aeration. To trigger spawning, increase feeding frequency with a mix of frozen, live, or high-quality flake food to condition the fish. Place 3 males and 3 females (or 2 males and 1 female) into a smaller, dimly lit tank with a spawning mop or fine-leaved plants. After a few days of breeding, remove the adults. The eggs will hatch in 2-3 days; remove any non-fertilized white eggs. The fry can be fed infusoria or finely crushed boiled egg yolk, transitioning to microworms and Artemia as they grow.

Longevity

With proper care, White Cloud Mountain Minnows can live up to 7 years. Ensure they are kept at the appropriate temperature; warmer water can shorten their lifespan. Additionally, fish from untrustworthy breeders may be weaker and have a shorter lifespan.

Natural Habitat and Origin

Tanichthys albonubes is native to the regions around Hong Kong in South China. Initially discovered in the White Cloud Mountains, this species faced severe threats due to habitat destruction from tourism, leading to fears of extinction in the wild. Fortunately, they have been found in other areas, such as northeastern Vietnam and the Guangdong and Quang Ninh provinces of China. Efforts are underway to reintroduce them to their native habitat, where they remain an endangered species.

Aquarium Setup and Requirements

The White Cloud Mountain Minnow thrives in aquariums with dense vegetation and driftwood. As these fish prefer cooler water, choose plants that can tolerate such conditions, as most aquarium plants are suited for warmer, tropical water. The water flow can be slow or moderate, but it must be well-aerated. Always use a tank cover to prevent jumping, as males may chase females. These fish can also be kept in outdoor ponds if the temperature stays between 14°C (57°F) and 24°C (75°F), where they will help control mosquito larvae and enhance their coloration.

Compatible Tankmates

Due to their peaceful nature, White Cloud Mountain Minnows make excellent additions to community tanks, provided they are kept in groups of at least 10. Suitable tankmates include other cool-water species like the Chinese Banded Shark (Myxocyprinus asiaticus), certain tetras, danios, or Rosy Barbs (Puntius conchonius). Avoid keeping them with Goldfish, despite their similar cold-water tolerance.

Additional Varieties

Various forms of White Cloud Mountain Minnows have been bred over time, including long-finned and albino (golden) varieties.

Frequently Asked Questions

What size tank is needed for 4 White Cloud Mountain Minnows?
Answer: To accommodate 4 White Cloud Mountain Minnows, a tank with a minimum capacity of 40 liters (10.5 gallons) is recommended to ensure adequate space and reduce waste buildup.
Why is my White Cloud Mountain Minnow showing signs of illness?
Answer: White Cloud Mountain Minnows are hardy fish. Illness typically results from poor water quality or an uncycled tank. Regular maintenance and proper tank cycling are crucial for their health.