Coral-red dwarf pencilfish - Nannostomus mortenthaleri
Scientific name: Nannostomus mortenthaleri
Common name: Coral-red dwarf pencilfish
Family: Lebiasinidae
Usual size in fish tanks: 2 - 3 cm (0.79 - 1.18 inch)
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Recommended pH range for the species: 6.4 - 7
Recommended water hardness (dGH): 4 - 14°N (71.43 - 250ppm)
0°C 32°F30°C 86°F
Recommended temperature: 24 - 26 °C (75.2 - 78.8°F)
The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning
Where the species comes from: South America
Temperament to its own species: peaceful to females
Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful
Usual place in the tank: Top levels
Food and Feeding
The Coral-red Dwarf Pencilfish (Nannostomus mortenthaleri) are micro-predators with a preference for live and frozen foods. They readily accept brine shrimp, Cyclops, and Tubifex, which should be the main components of their diet. Since they do not typically accept flake or pellet foods, it is essential to offer a varied diet rich in protein to maintain their health and vibrant coloration. Feed them small portions twice daily, ensuring that the food size matches their small mouths. Regularly including live foods in their diet will also help stimulate their natural hunting behavior and support their overall well-being.
Origin
Native to the Amazonian waterways of Peru, the Coral-red Dwarf Pencilfish is typically found in slow-moving streams and densely vegetated areas. These environments are often rich in leaf litter, providing shelter and a natural diet of small invertebrates. Replicating this habitat in the aquarium with plenty of plants and a soft, slightly acidic water condition is crucial for keeping these delicate fish healthy and stress-free.
Sexing
Sexing Nannostomus mortenthaleri can be challenging due to the subtle differences between males and females. However, in a group setting, males generally exhibit a stockier body shape and a darker red edging on their anal fins compared to females. During the breeding season, males may display intensified colors, making sexing slightly easier.
Breeding
Breeding Coral-red Dwarf Pencilfish is a delicate process, primarily due to their sensitivity to lighting and water conditions. Males change to a purplish hue when ready to breed. At this stage, carefully move a breeding pair to a dedicated breeding tank filled with soft, slightly acidic water. Avoid using artificial lighting, as sudden light changes can stress them. Add fine-leaved plants like Java Moss for the eggs to fall into and be protected. After spawning, promptly remove the parents to prevent them from eating the eggs. The eggs typically hatch within 36 hours, and the fry will become free-swimming in 4-5 days. Start feeding the fry with infusoria or newly hatched brine shrimp to support their growth.
Lifespan
With proper care, the Coral-red Dwarf Pencilfish can live up to 5 years in an aquarium. Maintaining stable water conditions, a varied diet, and a peaceful tank environment are crucial factors in helping them reach their full lifespan.
Tank Setup and Environment
Coral-red Dwarf Pencilfish thrive in a well-planted aquarium that mimics their natural habitat. A tank of at least 40 liters (10 gallons) is recommended, with dense vegetation to provide cover and reduce stress. Use a soft substrate and add leaf litter to create a more natural look and to release beneficial tannins into the water. Keep the water soft and slightly acidic, with a pH between 6.4 and 7. Maintain the temperature between 24-26°C (75.2-78.8°F) and ensure gentle filtration to avoid strong currents. Dim lighting is preferred, as this species is sensitive to sudden light changes. Peaceful tank mates, such as small tetras and other non-aggressive fish, make ideal companions.
Short Description
The Coral-red Dwarf Pencilfish (Nannostomus mortenthaleri) is a stunning and delicate fish known for its vibrant colors and peaceful demeanor. While males can be aggressive towards each other, it's advisable to keep one male with several females to maintain harmony. This species thrives in well-planted aquariums with soft, slightly acidic water and subdued lighting. With proper care, they make an exquisite addition to a peaceful community aquarium, bringing vibrant color and dynamic behavior.
Pictures
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